Knowledge Essay -- essays research papers

Knowledge   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Knowledge can be interpreted in many different ways. Some may see knowledge as learned education. Others may see education as intelligence. None of these perspectives of knowledge are right or wrong. Every person is entitled to their own definition, source, and use of knowledge in their lives. I view knowledge as the wisdom and insight that one may acquire over time, by personal experiences and influences in life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most of the basic knowledge acquired by people starting at a young age is in school. As young children, we learn elementary facts such as our numbers and the alphabet. The older we become, the more facts we are taught, and the more complex these facts become. The knowledge one may learn in school is what I think of as worldly knowledge that will get people into the colleges and jobs that they may desire. The people that are abundant in educational knowledge are the people who dominate our economy and run our country. Certainly, this is one of the more important types of knowledge there are and definitely one that we could not do without, but it is not quite as important as some of the others. Education is vital in life, but mere facts cannot aid in the solution to all problems.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another source of knowledge is entertainment, such as in television, movies, books, or even music. Certain types of entertainment can even be education. For example, television shows such as â€Å"20/20† or â€Å"DateLine† are both very informative shows, but interesting e...

Illegal Immigration: Claims Making Analysis

I. Introduction and Background Illegal immigration from Mexico to the United States is a social problem that has caused a great deal of debate. There are several pros and cons to having illegal immigrants in the U.S., and many people have very strong opinions on the topic. From traditional news organizations to members of special interest groups, there have been a great deal of news articles published on this issue. I chose this topic because it has recently become a very popular social problem in California, which is where I currently reside. Particularly in my hometown of San Diego, illegal immigration from Mexico is very prevalent. I grew up seeing illegal immigrant workers outside of home depot, working in small taco shops by the beach, and doing various low paying jobs. Illegal immigration into the United States is a topic that is frequently discussed and covered by the media, and I thought it would be interesting to explore the different ways illegal immigration claims are covered and packaged by traditional news sources and members of special interest groups. Many individuals consider illegal immigration to be a social problem for various reasons. To start, according to the Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR), it is believed that illegal immigration costs U.S. taxpayers billions of dollars each year. Money the government has received in the form of taxes is used to pay for illegal immigrants’ medical care, education in public schools, and imprisonment (FAIR, 2011). Also, illegal immigrants take jobs that could be occupied by unemployed American citizens. Due to the fact that these immigrants do not need to be paid minimum wage, employers are able to pay them much less than people living legally in the U.S. Another reason illegal immigration is considered to be a social problem is because it is often linked with identity theft. Finally, illegal immigration is considered a problem because many of these aliens commit serious crimes and endanger US citizens. According to Liberty Pundits, â€Å"In the population study of a sample of 55,322 illegal aliens, researchers found that they were arrested at least a total of 459,614 times, averaging about 8 arrests per illegal alien,† (Liberty Pundits, 2010). For these reasons, many people consider illegal immigration in the United States to be a serious social problem. The news articles that I have selected to analyze for this paper come from a variety of sources. Half of them are from traditional news sources including ABC News, the Union Tribune, the examiner.com, buzzle.com, and darwinsmoney.com. I chose the articles from these sources because for the most part they presented the social problem without making a clear argument on the topic for the most part. In general, these news sources presented the social problem of illegal immigration and showed both the pros and cons. The main focus of these articles is to draw attention to the claim. The rest of the articles are from special interest group members such as Liberty Pundits, FAIR, and three different blogs. I selected these articles because the authors had a very strong opinion on the social problem of illegal immigration. As a whole, the target audiences of these articles are very similar. The middle and lower classes are the main target audience because they are the ones who are most directly affected by illegal immigration. The middle and lower classes are losing jobs, paying to support, and dealing with the crime of illegal immigrants in the United States. While the lower and middle classes are the target audience, many of the news sources also attempt to grab the attention of a much larger group, all U.S. citizens. By saying that illegal immigrants are costing all taxpayers lots of money and committing many crimes, some of these sources target the entire U.S. population. In my paper, I will analyze the different ways by which these articles present the social problem of illegal immigration. From the book â€Å"Social Problems† by Joel Best, I will specifically be talking about statistics used, domain expansion, balance, and the use of counterclaims (Best, 2008). Even though these articles all cover illegal immigration in the United States, the way the topic is presented and covered by each source is different. II. Traditional news articles Overall, the traditional news articles tend to bring up and draw attention to the claims without giving their input or personal opinion on the topic. While certain articles may make it seem obvious that illegal immigration is a social problem by stating some of the downsides, they never outright say that something needs to be done. In fact, a couple of the articles not only state the claims, but also illustrate the counter claims as well. These articles are simply stating the facts in a way that draws the most possible attention from the target audience. The ABC editorial â€Å"Expensive Aliens: How Much Do Illegal Immigrants Really Cost?† is a perfect example of an article that brings up a claim about illegal immigration, but also recognizes the counter argument. Instead of simply stating that illegal immigrants are costing the â€Å"U.S. taxpayers more than $100 billion each year,† this article also recognizes the positive economic impact that they have on our country (Fahmy, 2010, p. 1). By addressing both sides of this debate, ABC is able to capture a much broader audience. People on both sides of the social problem, as well as people who do not know much about this claim will be interested in reading the article. The article posted on Darwin’s Money is very similar to the ABC article in many respects. The article starts out by saying, â€Å"There are two sides to every story†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and states that the article will attempt to be as objective as possible. The purpose of this article is to address both sides of the illegal immigration dispute and make the audience aware of this social problem. As stated in Best’s book â€Å"Social Problems,† these two articles attempt to have balance because they are written about a very controversial issue (Best, 2008). The articles want to address and bring up a problem without upsetting anyone in an effort to keep the largest possible audience. My next article from a traditional news source, â€Å"Illegal Immigration Problems,† takes a slightly different approach. All but the last paragraph of this editorial are focused on the problems with illegal immigration. What Best calls domain expansion is used to draw attention to the fact that illegal immigration is a problem (Best, 2008). In this article, the problem is expanded to include disease, crime, deprivation of rights, and insufficient recourses. However, at the end of the article, the author says, â€Å"Is there a need to solve the issue of illegal immigration or are there illegal immigration pros and cons? Is it right to take immediate action about illegal immigration?† (Borkar, 2010). These questions imply that illegal immigration might not be a problem at all. By doing this, the writer acknowledges the counterclaims and adds balance to the article. Although this editorial does not completely recognize illegal immigration as a social problem, it does spend the majority of the time discussing why illegal immigrants are such a problem to the United States. The final two articles from traditional news sources are written in a much different way. These two articles believe that illegal immigration is a problem, and fail to mention anything about counterclaims. The article in the Examiner, written by Joe Campana, focuses on the claim that, â€Å"There is an insidious connection between illegal immigration and identity theft,† (Campana, 2010) This tactic of using domain expansion helps to attract a wider audience of people not only interested in identity theft, but also illegal immigration. The Union Tribune article, â€Å"The human, financial costs of illegal immigration,† also makes it much more clear to the audience that illegal immigration is a problem. The reason the Union Tribune is able to write about how terrible illegal immigration is for our country is because the audience of this newspaper is comprised mostly of people living in San Diego, where illegal immigration has many negative affects on the people. In San Diego, many individuals have lost jobs due to the recent economic downturn, and the high prevalence of illegal immigrants gives the unemployed someone to blame. Domain expansion and statistics, specifically, are used in this article to help show the negative effects of illegal immigrants on the people of San Diego. By saying that uncompensated emergency room costs alone are around $154.9 million a year, it makes people upset that they must pay this money in the form of taxes (Bilbray, 2011). It almost creates resentment towards the illegal immigrants. The domain expansion is also exemplified by bringing in job loss and unemployment and saying that at least part of it is caused by illegal immigration. III. Special Interest Articles Special interest articles tend to use a much different approach than traditional news articles when writing about the social problem of illegal immigration. In general, special interest articles are likely to be much more radical in the way that they address the social problem. Rather than just stating a problem and trying to gain attention, they also attempt to persuade the audience that something must be done to fix the issue or there will be negative effects on society. The articles written by Liberty Pundits and FAIR use crime and public safety as a way to convince people that something must be done to stop illegal immigration. FAIR even calls illegal immigrants a, â€Å"public safety issue,† in the article (FAIR, 2011). By using domain expansion, the articles are able to gain a larger audience by instilling fear in the U.S. citizens who read this article. Saying that illegal immigration causes crime will make people want to get rid of illegal immigration because it will make them feel as though their safety is being jeopardized. FAIR also makes the audience scared that illegal immigrants cause danger and crime by giving a very long list of crimes that illegal immigrants have committed. Liberty Pundits also uses statistics to convince the audience that illegal immigrants, as a whole, are mostly criminals. In a study of 124 alien arrests, Liberty Pundits reports that 103 had prior arrests, 85 of the 103 had a felony, and 49 of those had multiple felonies (Liberty Pundits, 2010). Although these statistics may not be a good representation of all illegal immigrants, to the average reader these statistics seem very convincing and makes it seem as though almost all illegal immigrants are dangerous. In these ways, the two articles cause people to believe illegal immigration must be stopped, which also causes some of the audience to become activists on the issue. By using statistics and domain expansion, the blogs â€Å"Where Do All the New Jobs Go?†, â€Å"Economic costs of illegal immigration†, and â€Å"Illegal Immigration† attempt to convince its audience that illegal immigration needs to be stopped. The article â€Å"Where Do All the New Jobs Go?† use statistics to show how illegal immigration almost doubles the number of jobs that need to be created to support the number of people in the labor force. Two million jobs need to be created to support U.S. born labor force entrants, 5.7 million jobs must be created when legal immigrants are added to that number, and a staggering 10 million jobs need to be created per year when we add illegal immigrants to that number (Stop Illegal Immigration Now, 2007). The article â€Å"Economic costs of illegal immigration† states that, â€Å"An estimated 1,880,000 American workers are displaced from their jobs every year by immigration,† (The American Resistance, 2003). Along with piggybacking the social problem of unemployment, these statistics are intended to magnify the number of jobs illegal immigrants are taking from U.S. citizens. Expanding the domain by piggybacking the social problem of unemployment helps to gain the support of the unemployed and those whose jobs are threatened by illegal immigrants. In addition, it is interesting that the blog â€Å"Where Do All the New Jobs Go?† not only attempts to gain support on the issue of illegal immigration, but also attempts to gain activists by saying, â€Å"Ask your Congressman and Senators and local elected officials exactly what they are doing to stop our problem with illegal immigration and vanishing borders.† (Skymail, 2010). Unlike the traditional news sources, this article makes its views on illegal immigration clear and states that people need to do their part to fix the problem. IV. Comparison, Analysis, and Conclusion Traditional news sources and articles written by activists had many similarities and differences in the way that they discuss the issue of illegal immigration. While traditional news articles tend to simply bring up an issue to the audience and let them form their own opinions, the blogs and articles written by activists not only attempt to spread information about the issue, but also try to convince people that something needs to be done and to get the audience more involved with the problem. The goal of the activists is to gain support on an issue, and ultimately to have something done to eliminate the problem. On the other hand, the goal of traditional news articles’ goal is simply to find and write about interesting stories that will appeal to the largest possible audience. These articles often have balance and discuss both sides of the problem. Instead of just saying that illegal immigration is an issue and it must be solved, traditional news articles also talk about the positives that illegal immigrants bring to our country. On the other hand, the two types of articles also had many similarities. For example, both traditional news sources and articles written by activists used domain expansion and statistics. Both types of articles attempted to use these techniques in order to show the magnitude of this social problem and to gain the audience’s interest. By using domain expansion, both types of articles are able to relate the problem to a larger group of people on a much more personal level. By doing this, the editorials gain the interest of a much bigger audience, which is equally important to both types of articles. In addition, both traditional news articles and articles/blogs written by activists have similar audiences. Illegal immigration most directly affects the lower and middle class, therefore those are the people that these articles attempt to attract. Traditional news articles and articles written by activists also shape the public perception of illegal immigration. For articles written by activists, shaping the public perception is very important. The goal of these articles is to make the audience believe that illegal immigration is a serious problem and something needs to be done to stop it. By using various methods, the activists shape the public’s opinion about the issue and convince them that illegal immigration is a serious problem. On the other hand, traditional news articles tend not to do the same. These articles present the issue, and let the public form their own opinions on the problem. Overall, it is clear that the way in which social problems are constructed directly relates to the writer of article. While activists attempt to gain support for their cause and beliefs on an issue, traditional news sources simply attempt to present an issue and captivate the largest possible audience. Even though articles written by various sources may cover the same topic, the way the issue is constructed is generally very different.

Whole Foods Markets - 1582 Words

Abstract This paper examines the published case study Whole Foods Markets, 2005: Will There Be Enough Organic Food to Satisfy the Growing Demand? (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson, 2007, p. C534). Although the published study addresses numerous aspects of Whole Foods Market’s business as a leading international retailer of â€Å"natural† organic foods, the analysis provided herein is focused on Whole Foods Market’s ability to meet future growth demands. This paper explores Whole Foods Market’s basic internal environment with subsequent application of Porter’s Five Forces Model of Competition followed by a related Strength-Weakness-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT) breakdown†¦all used to determine critical market success factors and looming challenges†¦show more content†¦Whole Foods has also invested in modern information systems which have enabled the company to promote efficient communications (described in more detail below). With a well establish ed and accepted vision, mission and market strategy, Whole Foods’ organization appears cohesive and has maintained its core business focus throughout its remarkable growth and expansion. Physical Resources With 270 retail locations each ranging from 45,000 to 75,000 square feet, nine distribution centers, five commissaries, nine regional bake-houses and subsidiaries whose operations encompass coffee production, seafood processing and produce field inspections, Whole Foods has substantial capital investment in plant and property totaling over $1.6 billion (Whole Foods 1, n.d., p. 1) and (MSN Money, 2008, p. 3). Whole Foods also boast a sophisticated distribution system with retail outlets targeting affluent urban areas with higher income and education demographics. Technical Resources Whole Foods has made significant investments in technology to support operations and connectivity in all facets of its business units. In 2003, Whole Foods signed a 3-year multi-million dollar contractShow MoreRelatedWhole Foods Market : Whole Food Market2993 Words   |  12 Pages Comparing Two Retail Companies Company A: Whole Food Market Whole Foods Market (WFM) is leading natural and organic food supermarket in the world. It started as one-store entrepreneur shop and has since grown into an $8 billion a year. By 2008, Whole Food Market had 264 stores in the United States that host its headquarters. It had six stores in Canada and five stores in the United Kingdom (Harbin, 2000). It is located in an area of 80000 square foot flagship store in Austin. The CEO and founderRead MoreWhole Foods : The Whole Food Markets Essay1369 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Whole Food Markets† Week #6 If you were to ask people if they enjoy going to work on Monday, I am sure most of them would give you a funny look, and say â€Å"No†. Americans dislike of their jobs is very evident. To see the magnitude of this just look on social media. On Fridays, there are vast amounts of thank god it’s Friday (TGIF) memes indicating how happy they are that they are done with work for the week. Many American simply do not enjoy working. However, a select few actually do. They enjoyRead MoreWhole Foods Market2057 Words   |  9 PagesCase Study: Whole Foods Market 2006: Mission, Core Values and Strategy 1. What are the chief elements of the strategy that Whole Foods Market is pursuing? Founder John Mackey strongly believed in Whole Foods’ mission to be very selective about store inventory, sticking to the company’s core values and ensuring that customers had an enjoyable and interactive shopping experience, while keeping with planned strategies that have set them apart from their competitors. Store Development andRead MoreWhole Foods Market1449 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Whole Foods Market, Inc. A. SIC/NAICS #’s - The SIC number for Whole Foods Market, Inc. is 5411, which implies grocery stores. The NAICS number for Whole Foods is 445110, which means supermarkets and other grocery (except convenience) stores. (Mergent Online) B. Mission Statement - Barbara Farfan who writes for about.com states, â€Å"The mission statement of the Whole Foods Company and Whole Foods Markets begins with its motto, which is Whole Foods, Whole People, Whole Planet The Whole Foods missionRead MoreWhole Foods Market ( Wfm ) Essay1191 Words   |  5 PagesWhole Foods Market (WFM) is a leading natural and organic food supermarket founded in Austin, Texas by four local business people: John Mackey and Renee Lawson Hardy, owners of Safer Way Natural Foods, and Craig Weller and Mark Skiles, owners of Clarksville Natural Grocery. WFM opened its first store in 1980, they staffed their first store with only 19 workers, the store was an immediate success partly because at the time there were less than half a dozen organic stores in the entire country. Read MoreWhole Foods Market Inc.1231 Words   |  5 PagesINDUSTRY EVOLUTION Whole Foods Market Inc. is a service provider in the grocery industry, which report in the US economy under the North American Industry Classification System NAICS 42441, General-line groceries merchants wholesalers, by the time the company started operations in 1980 supermarkets had a history of 51 years. Supermarkets unlike other type of retail is considered truly American in origin, self service grocery stores are traced back to 1912 in Memphis Tennessee, and it was in 1930Read MoreWhole Foods Market, Inc.1304 Words   |  6 Pages Whole Foods Market, Inc. (WFM) was founded in Austin, Texas and is a supermarket chain concentrating in organic and natural foods. John Mackey, Rene Lawson Hardy, Craig Weller. The first store opened on September 20, 1980. Whole Foods Markets are located in the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom. Since 1980, Whole Foods Market has remained committed to upholding their missions and values within their company. Whole Foods Market’s motto—â€Å"Whole Foods, Whole People, Whole Planet—emphasizesRead MoreWhole Foods Market1309 Words   |  6 Pages(i) Environmental Analysis – External Opportunities and Threats The demographic, economic and the socio-cultural segments would be the most relevant segments to Whole Foods Market. These segments have a direct impact on the profitability, sustainability and survivability of Whole Foods Market, and the organic food industry. The relevance of the demographic segment stems from the fact that the age structure, income distribution and population size are important factors which will influence the demandRead MoreWhole Foods Market Inc.1280 Words   |  6 PagesWhole Foods Market Inc. is a supermarket selling highest quality natural and organic food, was founded by John Mackey in Austin, Texas in 1980. Whole Foods Market is leading the supermarket industry worldwide, its recorded sales had reached $10,107.79 million in 2011 and it has expanded more than 430 stores in the United states in 2015 (Whole Foods Market, 2015). Website Overview Whole Foods Market’s main communication vehicle is their website, www.wholefoodsmarket.com. Whole Foods Market hasRead MoreWhole Foods : The Biggest Organic Food Market1723 Words   |  7 PagesWhole foods is the U.S’s biggest organic food market which has seen unsurmountable success because of its unique organizational setup and its cutting edge business model. Whole foods unique leadership structure and management style of its CEO, John Mackey, are large contributors to its success; along with the business core values. One would wonder, if such a radical culture can me maintained throughout the long run and if it’s so successful, why it wouldn’t work in my organization. Has Whole foods

Story of Friendship and Hate in The Boy in the Striped...

Boy in the Striped Pajamas In the story the boy in the striped pajamas there were many characters but one of the main characters were Bruno , an eight year old boy who loved to play and explore. Bruno had a large mind and he didnt like boring or dull things. He like excitement and adventure. You could tell Bruno was also a very curious boy because he saw the concentration camps from his window and thought it was a farm. So he asked his parents about it and they would not give him any detail so he went on an adventure to find out what it really was. Bruno was a very interesting character too. He made you wonder what was going to happen next. Bruno wasnt a bad person , he was really just an innocent little boy from Berlin who got†¦show more content†¦She reallly doesnt like what the Nazi’s are doing to the Jews , and she thinks its inhuman. When she finds out that they are killing and burning the bodies of the Jews she really thinks its time for her and the kids to move away. She is very somber and she doesnt feel like â€Å"Out-With† is the place for her and children she wants to move away. She is feeling gloomy for leaving her husband but she is enraged in what he is doing to the Jewish people. For example , hes building more gas chambers to kill the Jews in. In addition , he barely feeds the Jews and brutally beats Jews , he treats them like animals Likewise, Brunos older sister Gretel’s character also changes but not for the better. Once Gretel moves she started acting like she older but shes only 12. For example, she loved playing with her baby dolls. But once she met one of her father workers she started acting like she was older to impress him. So she put all of her dolls in a bag and put them away. Gretel also had hung up maps of Europe that Father had given her, and every day she put little pins into them and moved the pins around constantly after reading the daily newspaper. She acted like she was more intelligent than she really was like a â€Å"smarty pants†. Quotes From the Book â€Å"Sitting around miserable all day wont make you any happier.† I chose this quotes because its very true. If you just sit around all day how much good is that going to do you?Show MoreRelatedLiterature Review : The Boy s The Striped Pajamas1784 Words   |  8 PagesLiterature Review Outline: The Boy In The Striped Pajamas â€Å"The Boy In The Striped Pajamas† weaves a thread of intricate and compelling details through the description of each event that occurs within this book. For example, this novel features a descriptive scene where Bruno (the protagonist) encounters a fence, which holds many Jews captive; this event takes you on a journey where you can experience the border that divides us and how we may deal with that border - as Bruno faces. John BoyneRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Boy s The Striped Pajamas 1035 Words   |  5 Pagesof the book â€Å"The Boy in the Striped Pajamas†, I will be breaking down the story. Starting with the beginning introducing the main protagonist and antagonist of the movie. Then introducing the main conflict and how the protagonist tried to fix this problem, and how it was solved. The final paragraph will break down the movie even further by explaining symbols, showing what they mean, and how this movie depicted the real world. To start off, The movie â€Å"The boy in the striped pajamas† was directed byRead MoreThe Films Were Conceptualized By John Boyne1848 Words   |  8 Pagesthe incumbent eight-year-old sons of highly administrative influential personnel; Nazi commandant and his Jewish inmate famously identified as Scanlon. The story reflects various social, economic and political aspects that are evident and have a significant effect on the current world (The Boy in the Striped Pajamas, 2016). The plot of the story introduces various events that happened in a sequence. In the beginning, we encounter Butterfield’s son Bruno. Bruno dwelled in the same resident with hisRead MoreMaking Friends with the Jews in The Boy with the Red Pajamas Essay640 Words   |  3 PagesIn the book â€Å"The Boy In The Striped Pajamas† the main character is a 8 year old named bruno. He’s a young boy who has no idea what is going on around him. His father is playing a high roll in the Nazis. To me Bruno is stupid and blind. then i think hes only 8, he wouldnt know any better but in the book he finds out the truth in his like last 30 minutes of his life. He was being brainwashed he was a naive 8 year old. you wanna believe your father is your super hero, even though Bruno’s father thoughtRead MoreA Paradox Of Innocence : An Essay3669 Words   |  15 PagesInnocence: An Analysis of The Boy in the Striped Pajamas Introduction As a child, we are focused on the small aspects of life. We worry about eating ice cream on a hot summer day or when we will get the opportunity to go out on a cold snowy day and go sled riding with our friends and drink hot chocolate. We are fully focused on such basic childlike desires that we are completely unaware of serious events happening around us or in this case right next-door. As a nine-year-old boy, Bruno has no idea thatRead MoreFilm and Book The Striped Pajamas by John Boyne Essay1735 Words   |  7 PagesSins of the Father The movie ‘Boy in the Striped Pajamas’, based on the book by John Boyne, isn’t exactly a feel-good film, but it is an awesome representation of the existence of good and evil, and the responsibility we have as human beings to distinguish between the two; for it is responsibility that distinguishes us from every other being. In my opinion, this is an important, life-changing film, with a significant message, and should be seen by all. The movie is told from the point of viewRead MoreCharacter Development In Boy In The Striped Pajamas1149 Words   |  5 PagesYou are an eight-year-old boy forced to move with your family from your home in Berlin to the countryside because your father received a promotion as the head Nazi officer at a work camp. Without any friends, you sneak away during the day to explore the land behind your house and find what you understand to be a â€Å"farm.† It turns out to be a work camp where you meet another boy your age. You quickly become friends with the boy named Shmuel, who is forced to live in the work camp because he is JewishRead MoreMaking Unexpected Friends in The Boy with the Striped Pajamas918 Words   |  4 PagesTHE BOY IN THE STRIPED PAJAMAS The main characters in this story have different personalities and they represent the good and the bad in human beings. Bruno, the nine years old German boy, was an adventurous, curious and innocent boy like many other kids his age. Because of his age sometimes he was a little naive but overall I think he was a very smart boy. He showed us the importance of friendship and compassion after he met Shmuel at the concentration camp. Shmuel, the Jewish boyRead MoreThe Boy in Striped Pyjamas - Research2337 Words   |  10 PagesThe Boy in the Striped Pyjamas The Boy in the Striped Pajamas is a 2006 novel from the point of view of a naive young boy, written by Irish novelist John Boyne. Unlike the months of planning Boyne devoted to his other books, he said that he wrote the entire first draft of The Boy in the Striped Pajamas in two and a half days, barely sleeping until he got to the end. [1] To date, the novel has sold more than 5 million copies around the world, and was published as The Boy in the Striped Pajamas inRead MoreThe Boy in the Striped Pyjamas Portfolio6447 Words   |  26 PagesPhrases | 10 | Reflection | 11 | Film review | 12 | Interview | 14 | Song interpretation | 16 | Peer assessment | 18 | Vocabulary | 20 | Self evaluation | 22 | Introduction This portfolio documents my dealing with the book â€Å"The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas†, written by John Boyne, and the corresponding film, which was released in 2008. The reason I chose this particular material is the following: I saw the film before reading the book, which, as I see it, is not the right way to do

1.Provide A Brief Overview Of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

1. Provide a brief overview of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Your definition should include key concepts/assumptions of CBT as well as the therapeutic process (e.g., structure, therapist role, client role). Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a mixture of both Cognitive Therapy (CT), which deals with a person’s thoughts and Behavioral Therapy (BT), which concentrates on an individual’s overt or outside personality. According to Barbara P. Early and Melissa D. Grady, CT specializes in the mental process that can affect an individual’s feelings and behavior, while BT is focusing on the external environment that can cause the behaviors, such as a stimulus (Early Grady, 2016). The use of the two therapies together allows the†¦show more content†¦These can typically last from one year to a year and half that includes individual or group therapy. It mainly concentrates on the maladaptive thoughts. Behavioral techniques are incorporated into therapy, such as homework assignments and role playing. Sabine Keller et al mentions that DBT has five components that are essential for it to be effective: individual therapy, skills training group therapy, therapists†™ consultation, phone consultation between each session, and the structure of the client’s environment (Keller, et al., 2017). DBT is a complicated therapeutic treatment since it combines four modes (individual therapy, group skills training, constant phone support and consultation meetings) as well as four modules (conscientiousness, distress tolerance, social relationship influence and regulation of emotions). As stated by Thomas A. Field, the reasoning for the modality is to allow the clients to discover how to develop coping skills to manage emotional distress (Field, 2016). b. Solution-Focused Therapy (SFT) Schema Therapy (Schema-Focused Cognitive Therapy or SFT) is used to assist individuals in changing negative patterns that they have been living with for a while. The Schema-Focused model was originally created by Dr. Jeff Young, who works closely with Dr. Aaron Beck (founder of Cognitive Therapy). TheShow MoreRelatedInterpersonal Psychology : Cognitive Behavioral Therapy1560 Words   |  7 PagesInterpersonal Psychotherapy Intervention Overview Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) was developed in the 1970 s by Gerald Klerman, Myrna Weissman, and Eugene Paykel. Initially, IPT was the control treatment while investigating the effectiveness of antidepressants and found the treatment comparably effective to medications and as credible as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) (Robertson, Rushton, Wurm, 2008). According to Mechanism of Change in Interpersonal therapy (Lipsitz Markowitz, 2013) IPT wasRead MoreStrokes Essay794 Words   |  4 Pages Neurologic clinics: Provides an overview of stroke rehabilitation covering patient management in the acute, subacute, and chronic phases of poststroke treatment. Cognitive, behavioral, and functional assessment in the subacute poststroke phase is discussed, neuropsychiatric problems occurring during this phase are identified, and cognitive deficits and perceptual deficits encountered during occupational therapy are described. Speech, recreational, and music therapy and social support servicesRead MoreSocial Anxiety Disorder Paper1496 Words   |  6 Pagesseek help Stein and Stein (2008) states there are several effective cognitive behavioral and medications treatments for children and adults that exist now (p.1115). Researchers found that â€Å"the challenges lie in optimum integration and dissemination of these treatments, and learning how to help the 30–40% of patients for whom treatment does not work† (Stein and Stein, 2008, p.1115). Pharmacotherapy or cognitive behavioral therapy are the best interventions for social anxiety disorder (Stein and SteinRead MoreA Comparison of the Emotion-Focused and Cognitive Behavioral Theories of Anger and Its Treatment.3238 Words   |  13 Pagesefficacy of the Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and the Emotion-focused therapy (EFT) for treating patient with anger problems and compared therapists’ view on emotion which how they see emotion as the prime mover in human experience in different ways respectively. Besides, the development, overview and the similarities of CBT EFT has be en critically compared and discussed in this essay. CBT and EFT conceptualize emotional problems differently and employ different techniques in each therapy. 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Advanced Critical Writing Free Essays

Introduction The article entitled â€Å"Minimum Unit Pricing for Alcohol and Civil Liberty† argues against the Government’s proposed implementation of a minimum unit price for alcohol in an attempt to reduce the sale and consumption of cheap, alcohol beverages, and suggests that such a policy would infringe on the British people’s civil liberties. The article begins by describing a provoking scene of alcohol laden youngsters and â€Å"loud old men† swarming the streets of England’s cities. The author claims that binge drinking has increased over the past years, which has prompted the Government to consider a minimum unit price of 45 pence in order to reduce the sale of cheap alcohol. We will write a custom essay sample on Advanced Critical Writing or any similar topic only for you Order Now The author’s claim about binge drinking is backed up by the literature with findings that British young people are some of the worst perpetrators of binge drinking (Kuntsche, Rehm and Gmel, 2004) and that almost a quarter of British adults are classified as ‘hazardous’ drinkers (NHS, 2011). In a recent presentation to parliament, David Cameron wrote that â€Å"we have to tackle the scourge of violence caused by binge drinking. And we have to do it now.† (Home Office, 2012). Alcohol is undoubtedly a public health issue and is involved in a high number of road traffic accidents and anti-social activities such as assault, as well as being associated with a number of chronic diseases including alcoholic liver disease and a range of cancers (Rehm et al., 2009; Schutze et al., 2011). Furthermore, the economic cost can be devastating with alcohol-related injury costing the National Health Service (NHS) around ?2.7 billion a year, based on 2006 to 2007 figures (NH S, 2011). Therefore, the Government should indeed feel some responsibility to tackle and reduce these figures if at all possible. The author argues that such a strategy as minimum unit pricing for alcohol will be an infringement on the British people, a violation of the free market economy and will cause moderate and responsible drinkers to pay for the â€Å"crimes of a few.† However, the author later contradicts themselves saying that â€Å"boosting the cost [of alcohol] isn’t going to stop me drinking, it’s going to just leave me out of pocket.† Here, the author has gone from the extreme and dramatic to an almost mocking of the proposed policy. It becomes unclear whether the author truly believes that the policy would severely affect the innocent or whether it would simply leave people short of a few pounds at the end of the month. This type of contradictory writing can also been seen elsewhere in the article. For example, the writer opens the article with a murky and sinister scene using evocative words and phrases such as â€Å"swarming†, â€Å"staggering† and †Å"teenagers hunched over a bottle of Frosty Jacks.† This use of language suggests that the author is disgusted and repelled by binge drinkers and the open consumption of cheap alcohol on British streets. However, the author quickly goes on to denounce Government attempts to tackle the problem as a â€Å"crazy idea†, once again sending out a mixed message to the reader. The author also argues against the claim that an increase in prices for drinks with a high alcohol content will put off the type of people who buy such drinks purely to achieve a state of drunkenness, namely individuals suffering from alcoholism. The author asks â€Å"isn’t it their choice to drink alcohol?† and suggests that it is unacceptable to hurt the average person financially by trying to price such individuals out of the alcohol market. This an extremely reductionist viewpoint, meaning that the author of the article is reducing the plight of an alcoholic to the result of just â€Å"their choice† rather than taking into account the plethora of reasons that can lead an individual down the destructive road of alcoholism, such as homelessness, debt or abuse. Such a view-point is potentially damaging as Spanagel (2009) has warned that a reductionist view of the causes of alcoholism can stand in the way of a better understanding of the underlying pathological p rocesses involved in such addictive behaviour. The author goes on to claim that implementation of a ?0.45 minimum unit price for alcohol is the result of the Government’s attempt to try and make revenue from people who can afford a price rise but are just inconvenienced by it. This is an extreme accusation and the author has failed to take into account the evidence that suggests otherwise. Namely that such a policy could have a positive effect on public health and the economy. Using a price-to-consumption model using various data sources and based on 54 population sub-groups classed as harmful, hazardous or moderate drinkers, Purshouse et al. (2010) estimated that a ?0.45 minimum price unit for alcohol would reduce alcohol consumption by 4.5% and avoid 1,970 alcohol-related deaths. A recent systematic review found that a price increase of alcohol by around 10% would lead to a reduction in consumption of alcohol by around 5% (Wagenaar, Tobler and Komro, 2010). Both of these studies have provided strong evidence that a min imum unit pricing strategy with alcohol would be effective in reducing hazardous alcohol consumption. Further strengthening the argument in favour of minimum unit pricing are doubts that other attempts to reduce alcohol consumption will be far from successful. In a recent editorial, McKee (2012) highlighted that the three main â€Å"lines of attack† for tackling hazardous drinking consist of marketing, pricing and availability. Marketing and restrictions on availability are difficult to control, especially due to the lobbying power that many companies within the alcohol industry possess (McKee, 2012), and education-based interventions have been shown to be ineffective (Anderson, Chisholm and Fuhr, 2009) Therefore, pricing appears to be potentially the most effective and most easily manipulated element that the Government can utilise to tackle hazardous drinking. However, in addition to the positive effects that a minimum pricing policy has been predicted to have, there were a lso a number of drawbacks. For example, an increase in type 2 diabetes in young women was predicted due to a loss of the health benefits of moderate alcohol consumption and most of the reductions in harm would have been seen in chronic disorders in the over 45s, limiting the positive effect on the health and well-being of younger people (Purshouse et al., 2010). Furthermore, the figures produced by Purshouse et al. (2010) were based on a time period 10 years after policy implementation, suggesting that the benefit of a minimum pricing policy could be a long time coming. These drawbacks could be seen to support the author’s claim that the Government would use a minimum pricing strategy primarily to increase their income, seeing as though implementation of the policy would be limited in its immediate and overall beneficial effects on public health. Furthermore, alternatives to minimum pricing such as increasing tax on alcohol, have also been found to decrease levels of alcohol consumption (Elder et al., 2010). However, the existence of potentially equally as effective strategies for tackling hazardous drinking does not automatically suggest a conspiracy by the Government to reap more revenue through a minimum pricing strategy. The author of the article disagrees with the claim that alcohol fuels crime and with the figure that intoxicated people are involved in causing around 5,000 avoidable crimes every year. However, it is well documented that alcohol is prolifically involved in crime. From 1998 to 1999, 70% of crimes were found to have involved alcohol (Home Office, 2001), with alcohol being a component in up to 70% of all stabbings and beatings, 40% of domestic violence incidents and 50% of child protection cases (Alcohol Concern, 2000). These figures are highly disturbing and the author’s credibility is severely damaged in denying belief in such figures. The author ends the article with a rhetorical question by asking whether we would want â€Å"to live in a free country where people live as their consciences tell them† or whether we want to try and â€Å"control the behaviour of the poor by pricing them out of activities that we disapprove of?† A similar use of rhetoric can be seen throughout the article. For example, the author suggests that the next stage after minimum unit pricing may be an increase in theatre tickets to reduce the number of â€Å"poorer, less educated people who might talk during the show.† This is an example of hyperbole where the author is exaggerating in order to manipulate their audience and create a strong emotional reaction. Through the use of rhetoric, the author will hope to encourage their audience to ‘come round’ to their way of thinking. However, the article would be far more persuasive if the author were to use more facts and empirical evidence to support their view s. In conclusion, the article is well-written in terms of persuasiveness and in using rhetoric to create a strong emotional reaction in the audience. However, the author too often makes statements that contradict current empirical evidence without justification, which damages the credibility of the source. References Alcohol Concern (2000) Britain’s Ruin: Meeting Government Objectives via a National Alcohol Strategy. London, UK: Alcohol Concern. Anderson, P., Chisholm, D. and Fuhr, D.C. (2009) Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of policies and programmes to reduce the harm caused by alcohol. Lancet, 373, pp. 2234-2246. Elder, R.W., Lawrence, B., Ferguson, A., Naimi, T.S., Brewer, R.D., Chattopadhyay, S.K., Toomey, T.L. and Fielding, J.E. (2010) The effectiveness of tax policy interventions for reducing excessive alcohol consumption and related harms. American Journal of Preventative Medicine, 38(2), pp. 217-229. Home Office (2012) The Government’s Alcohol Strategy. London, UK: Home Office. Home Office (2001) Fighting Violent Crime Together: An Action Plan. London, UK: Home Office. Kuntsche, E., Rehm, J. and Gmel, G. (2004) Characteristics of binge drinkers in Europe. Social Science and Medicine, 59, pp. 113-127. McKee, M. (2012) Minimum unit pricing for alcohol – the case for action is overwhelming. European Journal of Public Health, 22(4), pp. 451. NHS (2011) Statistics on Alcohol: England, 2011. London, UK: The NHS Information Centre. Purshouse, R.C., Meier, P.S., Brennan, A., Taylor, K.B. and Rafia, R. (2010) Estimated effect of alcohol pricing policies on health and health economic outcomes in England: an epidemiological model. Lancet, 375, pp. 1355-1364. Rehm, J., Mathers, C., Popova, S., Thavorncharoensap, M., Teerawattananon, Y. and Patra, J. (2009) Global burden of disease and injury and economic cost attributable to alcohol use and alcohol-use disorders. Lancet, 373, pp. 2223-2233. Schutze, M., Boeing, H., Pischon, T. et al. (2011) Alcohol attributable burden of incidence of cancer in eight European countries based on results from prospective cohort study. British Medical Journal, 342, d1584. Spanagel, R. (2009) Alcoholism: A systems approach from molecular physiology to addictive behaviour. Physiological Reviews, 89(2), pp. 649-705. Wagenaar, A.C., Tobler, A.L. and Komro, K.A. (2010) Effects of alcohol tax and price policies on morbidity and mortality: a systematic review. American Journal of Public Health, 100, pp. 2270-2278. How to cite Advanced Critical Writing, Essay examples

Sources for Old Testament Study

Question: Discuss about the Sources for Old Testament Study. Answer: Introduction: The marriage topic is striking in the first chapter and grabs the attention of the reader. Marriage has extensively been talked about by Hosea by portraying God as an envious Man due to His wifes betrayal. This brings out the imagery in the story where Hosea represents God and Gomer; his wife is Israel. God is angry with the Israelites who have betrayed him by forging political affiliation and promoting corruption on ethical issues. The marriage between Israelites and God is more of a covenant where the Israelites even after going beyond the terms of the agreement with God by not following Him, He still takes care of them and maintains His ways of being righteous and forgiving and giving second chances. However, since Yahweh is angry, the Israelites must suffer by being conquered by the Assyrians (Landy, 1995). The first verses of the first chapter of the book of Hosea, Hosea explores the spiritual harlotry which the Israelites were committing which had increased the anger of the Lord and prompted Yahweh to allow Assyrians defeat the Israelites who were taken into exile. However, despite the anger that the Lord had on Israelites still, He considered Israelites as His children; therefore, He still had plans of liberating them from exile. Hosea goes ahead to talk about the salvation and the emancipation of Israelites from captivity (Arnold, Beyer, 2002). Hosea speaks of the Northern Kingdom which had currently stolen the patriarchal lineage in the king's succession from the Davidic line of leadership. Hosea brings out the conditions which the Northern Kingdom was experiencing. During the period which Hosea was delivering the prophecy, Ephraim as the Northern Kingdom was being referred to as undergone a lot of change regarding leadership. Interestingly there were around 19 kings. This explains that Yahwehs favor was not upon the kingdom due to the sins being committed by Gods people. One indeed, God had benevolently allowed the chipping of the United Kingdom (1 Kings 11:29-38). However, in spite of the fact that he would pass along these lines humble Judah given its two-timing excessive admiration, this would not keep going forever, Hosea further explains when the Israelites will be liberated. This will happen once the rightful kings sit on the throne. The southern kingdom (Judah) had the legitimate Davidic lineage. Therefore, the Isr aelites will be liberated once they have accepted Yahweh as their ruler by allowing the rightful leaders chosen by him to lead. Therefore, one of the prophecies that Hosea delivered was the end of Jeroboam reign. It came to pass when Jeroboam was killed, and his son assassinated barely six months as the king which marked the end of a lineage. (Arnold, Beyer, 2002) Hosea is credited with giving a warning and a message of judgment to the Israelites on behalf of Yahweh. The Lord was discontented by His people who had left Him and put their trust on the Baal gods Yahweh summons Hosea to find Gomer who is a harlot and to marry her, this was to symbolize the relationship that the Lord God of Israel had with His people. It is hard to be possible that Yahweh ordered Hosea to accept a harlot as a wife. The scriptures greatly condemn prostitution, and therefore it could be possible that Gomer being a harlot is symbolic. Therefore, it may be possible to say that Gomer was not a prostitute, but rather her spiritual beliefs were corrupted; hence, she could be a believer of Baal. Precisely when the firstborn son was delivered, Hosea was to name him Jezreel ("God will sow/scatter"). The name signified that the child was indebted to overcome sin and to make sure that the children of Yahweh start receiving attention from the Lord. Jezreel was looked upon to change the king lineage and deliver it to the Davidic lineage. Jezreel was also inclined to be the basis of righteousness in the eyes of the Lord. Jehu who was reigning in the time of Jezreel went against the Lord by prosecuting the innocent and developed pagan worship regardless of the fact that earlier he had executed the prophets of Baal. The second child of Hosea was a girl named Lo-Ruhamah ("no pity/kindness"). The northern kingdom had fallen off from the favor of God. This name was a reflection of Yahwehs action in the nation. God wanted to punish the Israelites as they had fallen of short of His grace. The third child was named Lo-Ammi (not my people) where God felt that His people had apparently turne d their back on Him and therefore abandoned them. This shows why the Assyrians captured the Northern Kingdom which was wicked in the eyes of the Lord. Interestingly the Southern country had favor from God and was not conquered. In conclusion, God's old covenant was with Jews. However, through the death and revival of Jesus, he set up another everlasting covenant with both the Jews and Gentiles. We are the new people of God, and the prophecy of Hosea applies to us as much as it did to the Jews coming back from the outcast. 1 Peter 2:9-10 and Romans 9 demonstrates to us that while the new covenant is unlimited, we ought not just expect that we will naturally be spared just by saying we accept. God is the person who picks who will acknowledge Him and just the individuals who are genuinely chosen by him will uncover themselves by preserving till the end. (cf. 2 Tim. 2:1121; 1 John 2:19) Those who don't proceed with confidence, regardless of the possibility that they proclaim to be Christians, will face God's judgment. Just on the off chances that we comprehend this, we can grasp being spared by elegance, not by works there is nothing we can help to procurers out or alter his opinion. This is the essence of the Christian gospel Hosea chapter 11, verse 1-11 highlights Gods love to Israel. Hosea is a prophetic book which was written around 785-745 B.C. which were the years when Jeroboam the king of Israel, was reigning. Hosea originated from the Northern kingdom of Israel. Hosea was the son of Beeri. Hosea spreads the love and repentance to the people of Israel towards God. He clearly communicated a message of judgment to Israelites for the peoples continued unfaithfulness to Yahweh. Hosea succeeded Amos of whom both condemned the way Israel was wasting wealth through extravagance. Hosea saw the reign of seven kings in his three decades of prophetic work. All of these kings were wicked in the eyes of Yahweh: this explains the reason for their short reign. These kings were Jeroboam, Zechariah, Shallum among others. Hosea spread the word of Yahweh shortly before Israel was conquered by the Assyrians. Hosea writes about how the Israelites involved themselves with worshipping Baal instead of Yahweh. This resulted in the community being corrupt, selfish and doing actions that were only for personal gains which made the Lord Almighty angry hence concluding that Assyrians will capture the Israelites. This meant that Gods anger was upon the Israelites and Hosea was a messenger. Hoseas prophecy was intended to warn the people about the looming judgment that the Lord was going to impose upon the Israelites. (Arnold, Beyer, 2002) Verse 1 and 2 describes how Yahweh loved Israel from the beginning. Israel was born in Egypt and Yahweh is being affectionate and loving to his first-born child. Thus, says the Lord: Israel is my firstborn son (Exodus 4:22). Therefore, this shows that Yahweh considered Israel as a child from the beginning when Israel was created in Egypt. Israel went to Egypt as an extended family, but by the time Yahweh delivered them, Israel was already a nation. The verse continues to explain that after their delivery, almost immediately the Israelites started worshipping Baal and going further to burn incense under this idols. Even before entering the Promised Land, they yoked themselves to Baal (Numbers 25:3)and after entering the Promised Land, they quickly succumbed to Baal worship (Judges 2:11-13). Verse 3 and 4 shows how Ephraim is a Northern tribe from Israel, in Hosea, Ephraim is used to referring to the whole of Israel. Yahweh refers to Ephraim as His son and speaks of how Yahweh has taught Ephraim to walk which is a significant moment in a childs life as well as the father. Yahweh was taking care of Ephraim regardless of the failure of Ephraim to take note. The verse goes further to explain how Yahweh was bidding the Israelites with a cord of love. Instances of kindness which Yahweh gave to the Israelites as a reason for them reciprocating with love. Yahweh comforted them and even went further to bend down and feed them, for instance when Yahweh fed Israelites in the wilderness with manna and water from the rocks (Dearman, 2010). In verse 5, 6 and 7, With the Israelites being faced by an attack from the Assyrians that result to their conquest, the Israelites will not be able to go back to Egypt to avoid slavery in Israel, rather. They will be configured. Yahweh has always been Israels rightful king, but Israel long ago sought a human king, to be like other nations (1 Samuel 8:5). This explains the reason why all the kings of northern Israel were evil, and they were a total of 19. The verse goes further to explain after the conquest; they shall fall and be killed by the Assyrians. Israelites refused to repent hence Yahweh will not hear their cry, although they will cry for help (Dearman, 2010). Verse 8 and 9 points out how Yahweh regardless of His anger refuses to give up on Israel. He says He cannot hand over Israel and He will not make the Israelites cities fall like Admah and Zeboiim which were destroyed with Sodom and Gomorrah. Although Yahweh will punish Israel, Israel will not be entirely destroyed. However, regardless of the anger that Israel invokes on Yahweh, still compassionate as He contemplates Israels punishment. Yahweh promises that He will not utterly destroy Ephraim because His ways are not the ways of a man. Yahweh concludes that He will not come in wrath. (Stuart, 1987). Finally verse 10 and 11 shows ho Yahweh goes further to indicate that although His roar will be loud still Ephraim will come to Him. Therefore, the roar is to scare Israels enemies who will be protected by Yahweh and settled safely in their house. (Dearman, 2010) Hosea 11 outlines God's enduring adoration for his children an affection so strong that it proceeds in spite of defiance, a love that leads God to reestablish his people after he has rebuffed them. Hosea 11 delineates God's driving forward adoration utilizing a story based on the analogy of a father's love for an insubordinate child. The subject is created comparatively: unfaithfulness and insubordination, discipline and rebuilding. The message, as it is set up in Hosea 11, resembles a four-act dramatization in which Hosea is the leading performing artist, representing God. (Dearman, 2010) In conclusion, Chapter 11 contains the most powerful yet touching words in all of Hosea. It highlights a sharp complexity between God's tender memories of His first association with Israel but then His distress at their dismissal of Him for Baal regardless of all that He had accomplished for them. His people had underestimated His adoration and watch over them, and the Lord was worried for their steady absence of constancy, which now required their coming judgment. In a moment show off His empathy, the Lord uncovers that His standing affection for Israel would imply that His judgment couldn't and would not spell the end for His people. For in a future day Israel would react to His call and they would come back to their homes and His favors. References Dearman, J.A., 2010. The Book of Hosea (Vol. 29). Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. Sweeney, M.A., 2000. The Twelve Prophets. 2 vols.Berit Olam. Stuart, D.K., 1987.Hosea-Jonah(Vol. 31). W Pub Group. Arnold, B.T., and Beyer, B.E., 2002.Readings from the Ancient Near East: Primary Sources for Old Testament Study. Baker Academic. Landy, F., 1995. In the Wilderness of Speech: Problems of Metaphor in Hosea.Biblical Interpretation,3(1), pp.35-59.